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Anthropology, for the 1st time, was discovered and recognized by the British, and they were the first to employ the teachings of anthropology. Anthropology was termed as “Policy Science” by one of the provincial officers Edward B Tylor and promoted the use of anthropology in bettering the human conditions. The 1st use of anthropology was done to govern the British settlements in Nigeria. This took place in the year 1908 under the administration of Thomas Northcote. |
Till the year 1934, there was no formal administrative work functioning in the US. During this period, the first interaction of the Anthropologists took place in Unites States, which acted as an intermediate between the BIA (Bureau of Indian Affairs) and Native American Groups.
The Anthropologists at that time did a marvelous job. They closely monitored the reservation prototypes applied by the Government and existing leadership. After studying completely the existing system, they recommended to introduce constitutions and tribal agreements. Collier John insisted on making use of anthropologists functioning in the central for the development programs of Public Sector. Collier, the BIA Commissioner, was the first to argue on employing the expertise of anthropologists for development programs for the public sector.
The actual works of applied anthropologists were seen during the period of First World War. The anthropologists employed for the War Relocation Authority in the community analysis section came across the troubles related to the effective exclusion of the Japanese at west coast to captivity in Sierras. Some of the Anthropologists in that period with Fred Richardson, Margaret Mead and Eliot Chapple did hard work to set up SfAA (The Society for Applied Anthropology) in the year 1941. After the successful establishment of the SfAA that year, the 1st academic journal was published by the name of Applied Anthropology and then later in the year 1949, the name was changed to Human Organization.
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