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DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid and it is the main chemical compound present in the chromosomes. It is also known as the molecule of heredity. Parents transmit these molecules to the offspring and when the chromosomes are divided even the DNA is divided. |
Every single organism is made up of DNA, and it is the genetic formula for existence of beings. DNA is actually a pair of molecules forming a double helix structure. They are entwined into vine like patterns. DNA molecule is made up of a chain of nucleotides. These are chemically linked with each other. DNA is considered as polymers. The DNA is base don four kinds of nucleotides, namely adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine. The DNA are divided depending on the base and they are named as A, T, C and G.
The DNA nucleotides come together and this pairing is held together with hydrogen. Every base forms hydrogen bonds and they are named according to their base. The DNA pairs carry names like AT, AG and so on. The two chains of the DNA structure are often referred to as the backbones. Using these combinations, the DNA forms a gene sequence. The gene sequences can be very long and some of the sequences can be four thousand pages long if we expand it. The DNA sequence should be considered as a set of commands base don which the body will function. The hydrogen bonds can be easily separated by enzymes present in the body. So, basically DNA has only two strands and these alternate between each other in a vine like shape and cross over each other.
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