There are numerous steps involved in judging whether the person has indeed committed a criminal law or not. Firstly, the matter is studied in the Substantial Criminal law branch. Here, the exact definitions of different crimes are studies and established. Substantial law also studies the seriousness of the crime and figures out whether the crime falls under criminal code or not. The second branch of criminal law is called Procedural Criminal law. Here, the exact period for punishing the culprit is discussed. Different crimes have different sentencing periods. Factors like the motive for the crime, the seriousness of the crime and its effect on the victim are widely assessed to determine the period of punishment.

The criminal code classifies criminal law or penal law, under three broad categories namely, misdemeanors, treason and felonies. Minor types of criminal activities fall under misdemeanors. Here, the person is not given a very serious sentence. The person is often let off after a brief stint in prison. Felonies are considered serious offences and the criminals are treated with harsh sentences and punishments. Treason affects the integrity and security of the nation and is therefore placed at a very high level under the criminal law category.

Different countries have different procedures to identify the seriousness of criminal law violations. The sentencing period and punishment given vary accordingly.

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